C++ Questions

Function prototyping is a function declaration statement that tells the compiler about the return type of the function and the number as well as type of arguments required by the function at the time of calling it.

Syntax:

return_type function_name( type1 arg1, type 2 arg2, ... );

Advantages of function prototype :

- It helps the compiler in determining whether a function is called correctly or not. Each time when a function is called, its calling statement is compared with its prototype. In case of any mismatch, compiler reports an error.

- A function must be defined before calling it. But prototyping allows a function to be called before defining it.

Stack:

 - Stack is a ordered collection of items

 - Stack is a dynamic object whose size is constantly changing as items are pushed and popped .

 - Stack may contain different data types

Array:

- Array is an ordered collection of items

- Array is a static object i.e. no of item is fixed and is assigned by the declaration of the array

- It contains same data types.

Friends can be either functions or other classes. The class grants friends unlimited access privileges.

* The declaration of the function should be preceded by the keyword 'friend'.
* The function definition will not use the keyword or the scope operator '::'.

Thus, a friend function is an ordinary function or a member of another class.

In the call by reference, it will just copy the address of the variable to access it, so it will reduce the memory in accessing it.