- Create a template that designs a layout for your application.

- Create the composing pages.

- Create a definition which means that suppose that you configured Tiles, in web.xml, to startup using the TilesServlet, we need to specify which files will contain the Tiles definitions to load.

- Render the definition.

- In order to create a DHTML drop down menu we need JavaScript API. The API (Application Programming Interface) consists of core set of cross-browser JavaScript functions to make DHTML programming easy and quick. This API enables moving and hiding page elements as well as acts as getter and setter of page elements attributes.

- Second we define on image object and off image object and string containing the URL of the "off" version.

- Then we create the menu items, label items and sub-menu items. If we wish we can use images also.

- Then we need to define our own global variables that will be used by the menu. Using global goes against oops design but makes sharing data easier.

- Create the menubar object, adding the menu labels and writing menubars.

- Create menu object, adding menu items and writing menus.

- Hiding and displaying the menus and attaching stylesheet.

The interface org.apache.struts.upload.FormFile is used for the struts file upload application. This interface represents a file that has been uploaded by a client. It is the only interface or class in upload package which is typically referenced directly by a Struts application.

This is not specific to Struts in case of DHTML but the two things that are needed in DHTML page is: first, the form needs to specify an enctype of multipart/form-data and second an <input> form control of type file.

Following are the steps to load file in DHTML:

- Creating a bean

- Writing the ActionClass.

- Mapping the bean in struts-config.xml

- Defining actionmapping

- Developing the DHTML page.

DispatchAction is an action that comes with Struts 1.1 or later, that let us combine Struts actions into single class, each with their own method. The org.apache.struts.action.DispatchAction class allows multiple operations to map to the different functions in the same Action class.

For e:g; html:hidden property="dispatch" value="error"/>

<SCRIPT>function set(target) {document. forms[0].dispatch. value=target;}</SCRIPT>

DHTML stands for Dynamic HTML. The first thing that we need to clear about DHTML is that it is neither a language like HTML, JavaScript etc. nor a web standard. It is just a combination of HTML, JavaScript and CSS. It just uses these languages features to build dynamic web pages. DHTML is a feature of Netscape Communicator 4.0, and Microsoft Internet Explorer 4.0 and 5.0 and is entirely a "client-side" technology.  

Features of DHTML:

- Simplest feature is making the page dynamic.

- Can be used to create animations, games, applications, provide new ways of navigating through web sites.

- DHTML use low-bandwidth effect which enhance web page functionality.

- Dynamic building of web pages is simple as no plug-in is required.

- Facilitates the usage of events, methods and properties and code reuse.