A stored procedure is a segment of declarative SQL statements stored inside the database catalog. A stored procedure can be invoked by triggers, other stored procedures or applications such as Java, C#, PHP, etc.

Advantages 

- Typically stored procedures help increase the performance of the applications. Once created, stored procedures are compiled and stored in the database. However MySQL implements the stored procedures slightly different. MySQL stored procedures are compiled on demand. After compiling a stored procedure, MySQL puts it to a cache. And MySQL maintains its own stored procedure cache for every single connection. If an application uses a stored procedure multiple times in a single connection, the compiled version is used, otherwise the stored procedure works like a query.

- Stored procedures helps reduce the traffic between application and database server because instead of sending multiple lengthy SQL statements, the application has to send only name and parameters of the stored procedure.

- Stored procedures are reusable and transparent to any applications. Stored procedures expose the database interface to all applications so that developers don’t have to develop functions that are already supported in stored procedures.

- Stored procedures are secure. Database administrator can grant appropriate permissions to applications that access stored procedures in the database without giving any permission on the underlying database tables.

Disadvantages

- If you use a lot of stored procedures, the memory usage of every connection that is using those stored procedures will increase substantially. In addition, if you overuse a large number of logical operations inside store procedures, the CPU usage will also increase because database server is not well-designed for logical operations.

- A constructs of stored procedures make it more difficult to develop stored procedures that have complicated business logic.

- It is difficult to debug stored procedures. Only few database management systems allow you to debug stored procedures. Unfortunately, MySQL does not provide facilities for debugging stored procedures.

-It is not easy to develop and maintain stored procedures. Developing and maintaining stored procedures are often required specialized skill set that not all application developers possess. This may lead to problems in both application development and maintenance phases.

Advantages      : More efficient and quality of service is better.

Dis advantages: Expensive, complicated

Advantages of 3G:

- Overcrowding is relieved in existing systems with radio spectrum
- Bandwidth, security and reliability are more
- Provides interoperability among service providers
- Availability of fixed and variable rates
- Support to devices with backward compatibility with existing networks
- Always online devices – 3G uses IP connectivity which is packet based
- Rich multi media services are available

Disadvantages of 3G:

- The cost of cellular infrastructure , upgrading base stations is very high
- Needs different handsets.
- Roaming and data/voice work together has not yet been implemented
- Power consumption is high
- Requires closer base stations and are expensive
- Spectrum-license costs, network deployment costs and handset subsidies subscribers are tremendous.

The advantage of equity finance for a company – raising money by selling shares – is that this money does not have to be repaid. However, new shareholders usually get to have a say in how the company is run. Despite these rights, equity is often seen as a risky choice for investors as they will lose all their money if the company doesn’t prosper. If it does well, on the other hand, they may see their stake multiply in value many times over.

Debt finance – money raised through loans – must be repaid eventually by a company, usually with interest, but lenders won’t be able to exert as much influence as shareholders over how the company does business. The debt of a reliable company is usually seen as a safe investment, but fixed repayment schedules means that there are few opportunities for large returns.

advantages: view is used to retrieve the data very fastly from the database tables
* memory wastage is reduced
* faster than joins to retrieve the data from database tables

disadvantages:
* view is not a container,it will not hold the data
* view memory is not permanent memory

Time taken for switching from one process to other is pure over head. Because the system does no useful work while switching. So one of the solutions is to go for threading when ever possible.