Questions

Long term scheduler determines which programs are admitted to the system for processing. It controls the degree of multiprogramming. Once admitted, a job becomes a process.

Medium term scheduling is part of the swapping function. This relates to processes that are in a blocked or suspended state. They are swapped out of real-memory until they are ready to execute. The swapping-in decision is based on memory-management criteria.

Short term scheduler, also know as a dispatcher executes most frequently, and makes the finest-grained decision of which process should execute next. This scheduler is invoked whenever an event occurs. It may lead to interruption of one process by preemption.

The blood of some invertebrate animals like the earthworm is red due to haemoglobin pigment, but the pigment is dissolved in the plasma. In vertebrates the same pigment is found in the red corpuscles and not in the plasma.

Direct Materials doesn't come under Fixed Cost because it vary with changes in the activity level of a business.

Fixed Cost :

A fixed cost is a cost that does not change over the short-term, even if a business experiences changes in its sales volume or other activity levels.

It is of some importance to understand the extent and nature of the fixed costs in a business, since a high fixed-cost level requires a business to maintain a high revenue level in order to avoid generating losses.

Examples of Fixed Cost are:

Insurance, Salaries, Rent, Property Taxes,...

The main purpose in measuring the effectiveness of any advertising campaigns is to evaluate its effect on the sales and also brand recall factor. The mathematical equation for measuring the effectiveness of an advertising campaign is:

Advertising campaign effectiveness = Revenue + Return on investment (ROI)

There are various ways to measure the effectiveness of advertising campaigns:

         - Conducting a survey after the campaign ends

         - Proportionate increase in the sales of that particular product/service

         - More customers calling to a toll-free and prescribed lines

         - Redemption of coupons and vouchers

         - Increased footfalls in the store to purchase product/service

         - Increased click on the company’s website