Questions

SPICE (Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis) was introduced in May 1972 by the University of Berkeley, California.

Ninth Schedule says that the article mentioned in this are immune from judicial review. It is for the larger good of the society, the government cannot be challenged in the court for his actions. Ninth Schedule was added to the Constitution by First Constitutional Amendment, 1951.In a landmark ruling on 11th January 2007, the Supreme Court ruled that all laws (including those in the Ninth Schedule) would be open to judicial review, if they violated the basic structure of the Constitution.

Vishakha and others v State of Rajasthan was a 1997 Indian Supreme Court case where Vishakhaand other women groups filed Public Interest Litigation (PIL) against State of Rajasthan and Union of India to enforce the fundamental rights of working women under Articles 14, 19 and 21 of the Constitution of India.The court decided that the consideration of "International Conventions and norms are significant for the purpose of interpretation of the guarantee of gender equality, right to work with human dignity in Articles 14, 15, 19(1)(g) and 21 of the Constitution and the safeguards against sexual harassment implicit therein.