Questions

Structural Testing is the other name for White Box Techniques.

The provisional geographical area of india as on 31st March 1982, given by survey of india, is 3287,263 sq km. which includes 78,111 sq km under occupation by pakistan, 5180 sqkm given by pakistan to china and 37,555 sq km under occupation of china.

The stability of the ions is determined by the energy of the lone pairs. Carbon has the least effective nuclear charge (Zeff) and so the lone pair on the CH3− ion has the highest energy, making it the least stable ion and so the strongest base. The Zeff increases as we move across the period until we get to fluorine which has the greatest Zeff and so its lone pairs have the lowest energy, making F− the least basic ion.

In order of decreasing basicity they are ranked LiCH3 > LiNH2 > LiOH > LiF. We are dealing with the ions F−, OH−, NH2− and CH3− and so the factor which influences their basicity is the stability of the ion compared to its conjugate acid.

The boring of India’s first underwater rail tunnel under the Hooghly River for establishing metro link between Howrah and Kolkata has completed before its scheduled deadline of July 2017. The tunnel is 16.6 km long, out of which 10.8 km runs under the ground. Of this 10.8 km, 502 metres is under the water and the whole thing connects Howrah to the west and Salt lake to the east. It will have 12 stations and six will be underground. Estimated cost of the entire project is $750 million or about Rs 5,000 crores. The final commissioning of the project is expected by December 2019, following which it will be operational. The project is built by Afcons Transtonnelstroy and implemented by Kolkata Metro Railway Corporation Ltd (KMRCL).

Pollination is when pollen grains from an anther, the male portion of a flower, are transferred to a female part of the flower, known as the stigma. In order for pollination to be successful, the pollen grains transferred must be from a flower of the same species.

After the pollen grains land on the stigma, they create a pollen tube through the length of the style or stalk connecting the stigma and ovary. Once the pollen tube is complete, the pollen grain will send sperm cells from the grain down to the ovary. When the sperm cells reach the ovary and the egg cells, fertilization will occur, which will result in the formation of the seed. The seed will then be released from the parent plant and will be able to grow into a plant and continue the reproductive cycle using the method of pollination.

Mixtures are combination of two or more substances physically which can be separated in to the original.

Matter can be breakdown into two categories. 

1) Pure substances 

2) Mixtures

Here in the given options, options A, B, C are pure substances as they are indicated as S & L in brackets. Option D) is an aqueous solution, that can be dissolved in water.