In general, polar solvents dissolve polar solutes, and nonpolar solvents dissolve nonpolar solutes. As water molecules are polar, polar molecules dissolves in water.
Joseph Priestley and Carl Wilhelm Scheele both independently discovered oxygen in the year 1774, but Priestly is usually given credit for the discovery.
Which one of the following climates is found in coastal areas of California in north America, Central Chile in South America and South-west tip of West Australia?