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What is Gandhian philosophy? It is the religious and social ideas adopted and developed by Gandhi, first during his period in South Africa from 1893 to 1914, and later of course in India. These ideas have been further developed by later "Gandhians", most notably, in India by, Vinoba Bhave and Jayaprakash Narayan. Outside of India some of the work of, for example, Martin Luther King Jr. can also be viewed in this light. Understanding the universe to be an organic whole, the philosophy exists on several planes - the spiritual or religious, moral, political, economic, social, individual and collective. The spiritual or religious element, and God, is at its core. Human nature is regarded as fundamentally virtuous. All individuals are believed to be capable of high moral development, and of reform. The twin cardinal principles of Gandhi's thought are truth and nonviolence. It should be remembered that the English word "truth" is an imperfect translation of the Sanskrit, "satya", and "non-violence", an even more imperfect translation of "ahimsa". Derived from "sat" - "that which exists" - "satya" contains a dimension of meaning not usually associated by English speakers with the word "truth". There are other variations, too, which we need not go into here. For Gandhi, truth is the relative truth of truthfulness in word and deed, and the absolute truth - the Ultimate Reality. This ultimate truth is God (as God is also Truth) and morality - the moral laws and code - its basis. Ahimsa, far from meaning mere peacefulness or the absence of overt violence, is understood by Gandhi to denote active love - the pole opposite of violence, or "Himsa", in every sense. The ultimate station Gandhi assigns non violence stems from two main points. First, if according to the Divine Reality all life is one, then all violence committed towards another is violence towards oneself, towards the collective, whole self, and thus "self"-destructive and counter to the universal law of life, which is love. Second, Gandhi believed that ahimsa is the most powerful force in existence. Had himsa been superior to ahimsa, humankind would long ago have succeeded in destroying itself. The human race certainly could not have progressed as far as it has, even if universal justice remains far off the horizon. From both viewpoints, non violence or love is regarded as the highest law of humankind.

What can be suitable title to the passage?

In the following passage some of the words have been left out. Read the passage carefully and select the correct answer for the given blank out of the four alternatives.

National integration means _____ all the people of the nation into a single whole. It is a _____ that bends together all people in one _____ bond no matter what their religion, caste, language or history may be. It is a _____ cementing force whereby all kinds of people live _____ peacefully and can identify themselves as a part and parcel of a nation.

live _____ peacefully and can identify themselves as a part and parcel of a nation.

Which Indian female mountaineer recently created the fastest record of scaling Mount Everest back-to-back twice within 5 days?

What is the name of the castle that was built in honour of world renowned composer Richard Wagner?

An incident ray strikes a plane mirror at an angle of 20 deg with the mirror. The angle between the incident ray and reflected ray is ____.

Who appoints the chairman of all the parliamentary committees of Lok Sabha?

Geospatial data can be obtained for the following

In a triangle ABC, AB = 8 cm, AC = 10 cm and ∠B = 90°, then the area of ΔABC is