Questions

The term PIL refers to Public Interest Litigation.

Public Interest Litigation was originated in United States in 1980's. 

Public Interest Litigation is directly filed by an individual or group of people in the Supreme Court of India and High Courts and judicial member.  This petition is accepted by the court only if there is interest of large public involved. Generally this petition is filed by a public spirited person or organisation, if it was felt that certain interests are undermined by the government.

The contents of the Mahavamsa can be broadly divided into four categories:

The Buddha's Visits to Ceylon: This material recounts three legendary visits by the Buddha to the island of Ceylon.

Chronicles of Kings of Ceylon: This material consists of genealogies and lineages of kings of Ceylon, sometimes with stories about their succession or notable incidents in their reigns

History of the Buddhist Sangha: This section of the Mahavamsa deals with the mission sent by Emperor Ashoka to Ceylon, the transplantation of the bodhi tree, and the founding of the Mahavihara. It includes the names of prominent monks and nuns in the early Sri Lankan sangha. It also includes accounts of the early Buddhist councils and the first recording of the Pali canon in writing.

Chronicles of Ceylon: This material begins with the immigration of King Vijaya from India with his retinue and continues until the reign of King Mahasena, recounting wars, succession disputes, building of stupas and reliquaries, and other notable incidents.

Social Darwinism was a prominent intellectual theory that was used to justify European Imperialism in the 19th and early 20th centuries.

Social Darwinism held that those made better or worse by industrialization were based on the natural predisposition of the people effected. For those who were made better off, the success of those people demonstrated that they had a well-evolved culture and this expansion would help remove or improve underperforming cultures, which were those "chosen" by the fact that they were performing poorly.

Imperialism may encompass a broad range of meanings, including the foreign occupation of one nation by another; one society's control of the internal politics of another; and, especially, foreign extraction of a less powerful nation's natural resources and/or exploitation of its indigenous human resources.

All in all, according to the Social Darwinist, Imperialism was the natural expansion and success of a well-evolved culture and this expansion would help remove or improve underperforming cultures.