This is a layer of atmosphere about 60 to 70 km above the earth and extends to about 400km. It contains ionised particles which can reflect radio waves making radio communication round the world possible.
Stars twinkle because they’re so far away from Earth that when light from the stars passes through the atmosphere, it is bent countless times due to refraction, making it look like as if they were blinking. The sun and other planets doesn’t twinkle because it’s too close to Earth compared to other stars.