Kalachakra ceremony is associated with Buddhism. It is a way of planting a seed, and the seed will have karmic effect. One doesn't need to be present at the Kalachakra ceremony in order to receive its benefits.
The each degree of latitude is equals to 111 kms approx (69 miles). As Earth is lightly ellipsoid in shape it changes at equator and poles from 110.5 kms to 111.7 kms respectively.