Questions

Gene is a hereditary unit consisting of a sequence of DNA that occupies a specific location on a chromosome and determines a particular characteristic in an organism.

In short it is a piece or segment of chromosome.

Genes undergo mutation when their DNA sequence changes. 

One of the thing that progressive support would be: Direct election of senators.

The progressive wanted this so they could the candidate based on the person and not the party.
Direct election of senators will make it easier for them to elect the person that represent their value for the position.

A test plan is the master document that contains all details pertaining to testing of the application. Its contents include:

Testing scope - what is included and what is not included in the testing of the current project 

Assumptions - what are the assumptions that are made for this project 

Milestones - major dates like when testing is going to begin, when it is planned to end, what is the trace review date, what is the production date etc. 

Resources - the resources working on this project along with their contact details 

Defect tracking mechanism - what defect tracking tool will be used, what is the SLA for fixing Critical to Low level IRs etc. 

Test management procedures - who will be notified when there is a critical IR, what reports will be sent daily, if status calls will be held daily or weekly, where will it be held, who is required to join etc. 

Work allocation - resource distribution if more projects are being tested 

Entry and exit criterion - when can a project be accepted for testing (eg. only when smoke testing passes) and when can a project be termed as testing complete (eg. when all testcases are executed and all high level bugs are fixed)

Distributed systems work in a network. They can share the network resources, communicate with each other.

The decentralization system was recommended by Balwant Rai Mehta.

A colon is used to connect two sentences when the second sentence expands, illustrates, explains, summarizes, or sharpens the first. Both sentences should be complete, and their content should be very closely related.

Example:

This girl has two favorite hobbies: watching movies and seeing how long she can hold her breathe.