Biology Questions

Enzymes play an essential role in each living cell of our body. Enzymes are globular proteins that control biological reactions. These are of two types.

1. Intracellular enzymes

2. Extracellular enzymes

Intracellular enzymes are found inside the cell.

Extracellular enzymes act outside the cell.

Enzymes are produced by exocrine glands.

Digestive enzymes of diverse specificities are secreted by the salivary glands, stomach, pancreas, and the small intestine.

The word coprodaeum refers to the last part of the elimentary canal.The excreta (undigested, matter) comes out of that part. So, the organisms that take in such materials are called coprophagous.

DNA is copied during a process called Transcription. It is the first step of gene expression, in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA by the enzyme RNA polymerase.

In all plants and animal cells chromosomes are located in the Nucleus of the cells.

The Chromosomes are thread like structures present in the nucleus of the cells which are made up of proteins and a single molecule of DNA.

Their function is to carry the characteristic features of parent cells to daughter cells. 

The support cells of the nervous system are Glia, also called glial cells or neuroglia. In the central nervous system, there are four types of supporting cells. They are ::

* Astrocytes

* Microglial cells

* Ependymal cells

* Oligodendrocytes

A vitamin is an organic molecule that is an essential micronutrient that an organism needs in small quantities for the proper functioning of its metabolism.

There are 13 essential vitamins that our body need. They are categorized into 

1. Water soluble

2. Fat soluble

Water-soluble vitamins dissolve in water, which means these vitamins and nutrients dissolve quickly in the body. Unlike fat-soluble vitamins, water-soluble vitamins are carried to the body’s tissues, but the body cannot store them.

Water-soluble vitamins are Vitamin B1, B2, B3, B5, B12, B6, B7 & B9 and Vitamin C.

Fat-soluble vitamins are soluble in fats. They are absorbed by fat globules that travel through the small intestines and into the general blood circulation within the body. Unlike water-soluble vitamins, fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the body when they are not in use.

Fat-soluble vitamins are - Vitamin A, D, E and K.