World History Questions

General Dwight D. Eisenhower commanded U.S troops in Europe in 1942.

The temperance movement of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was an exception in many ways: "Temperance" refers to the moderate consumption of alcoholic beverages.

However, in the context of the temperance movement, the term usually indicated complete abstinence, which means drinking no alcohol at all. The goal of the temperance movement in the United States was to make the production and sale of alcohol illegal. Supporters believed that prohibiting alcohol would solve a number of society's problems, making people safer, healthier, and more productive.

National Sovereignty is the condition of a nation that has self-rule, a stable government and the right to exist without interference from other nations.

Whereas

Demilitarization is the process of reducing and even eliminating the armed forces of a nation.

Samuel Gompers was a leading proponent of workers' rights. He was the first president of the American Federation of Labor, an organization that represented skilled workers from many different industries. Gompers advocated using collective bargaining or negotiations and strikes to gain greater rights for workers.

The Norman invasion of England in 1066 is the historical event recorded by the Bayeux Tapestry.

Social Darwinism was a prominent intellectual theory that was used to justify European Imperialism in the 19th and early 20th centuries.

Social Darwinism held that those made better or worse by industrialization were based on the natural predisposition of the people effected. For those who were made better off, the success of those people demonstrated that they had a well-evolved culture and this expansion would help remove or improve underperforming cultures, which were those "chosen" by the fact that they were performing poorly.

Imperialism may encompass a broad range of meanings, including the foreign occupation of one nation by another; one society's control of the internal politics of another; and, especially, foreign extraction of a less powerful nation's natural resources and/or exploitation of its indigenous human resources.

All in all, according to the Social Darwinist, Imperialism was the natural expansion and success of a well-evolved culture and this expansion would help remove or improve underperforming cultures.

Mercantilism was the principle that wealth of a nation comes from trading with other nations and also comes by imposing government regulations on all of the nation's economic interests.

The main principles of mercantilism:

• the country's wealth is determined by the amount of precious metals in the country,

• Wealth is created in business relations (International Trade)

• The goal is an active trade balance of trade,

• to serve protectionism, government subsidies and the issue of protective tariffs.