Questions

As water is cooled from 4 deg C to 0 deg C, the water reaches its freezing point and starts forming ice crystals. Then the volume of that ice cubes increases and its density decreases. Hence, it is the reason that ice will float on water as ice has less density than the water.

The standard deduction of Rs. 40,000 is seek to provide relief to salaried tax payers in the Budget proposals in place of the present exemption allowed for transport allowance and reimbursement of miscellaneous medical expenses.

 Narendra Jadhav

Egypt

A stupa is a mound-like or hemispherical structure containing relics that is used as a place of meditation.Buddhist sources claim that during the 3rd century BCE, the Mauryan Emperor Ashoka the Great ordered these eight stupas to be opened, further distributed the relics of the Buddha into 84,000 portions, and had stupas built over them all over the expanding Buddhist world.They were located on trade routes in order to propagate Buddhism.However, there were no evidence of them being located in rural areas.

Hedging is a tool to minimize the risks. It is thus like an 'insurance' where one pays a premium but gets an assured amount in case of some uncertain event to the extent of the loss actually suffered on an equally opposite position for which the hedge was done. Thus, hedger is different from arbitrageur and speculators, as the intention here is not to maximize the profit but to minimize the loss.

E.g. In Capital Markets, suppose an investor has an equity portfolio of Rs. 2 lacs and the portfolio consists of all the major stocks of NIFTY. He thinks the market will improve in the long run but might go on a downside in the shortrun. NIFTY today stands at 4300. To minimize the risk of downfall, he enters into an option contract by buying NIFTY-PUT of strike 4300 at a premium of, say, Rs. 100. Thus, the actual amount paid is Rs. 5,000(lot size of NIFTY is 50). Also, the number of NIFTY-PUTs to be bought will vary on the beta of the portfolio so as to completely hedge the positon. 

A change to the Constitution is called as An Amendment.

An Amendment ::

An Amendment is ratified after two-thirds of the House and Senate approve of the proposal and send it to the states for a vote. That Convention can propose as many amendments as it deems necessary. Then, three-fourths of the states must affirm the proposed Amendment.