Accounting and Finance Questions

Trade receivables are amounts billed by a business to its customers when it delivers goods or services to them in the ordinary course of business. These billings are typically documented on formal invoices, which are summarized in an accounts receivable aging report. In the general ledger, trade receivables are recorded in a separate accounts receivable account, and are classified as current assets on the balance sheet if you expect to receive payment from customers within one year.

To record a trade receivable, the accounting software creates a debit to the accounts receivable account and a credit to the sales account when you complete an invoice. When the customer eventually pays the invoice, the accounting software records the cash receipt transaction with a debit to the cash account and a credit to the accounts receivable account.

Trade receivables vary from non trade receivables in that non trade receivables are for amounts owed to the company that fall outside of the normal course of business, such as employee advances or insurance reimbursements. Also, most or all of the transactions passing through the main accounts receivable account are generated by the accounting system, as you create customer invoices and credit memos, whereas the transactions recording non trade receivables nearly always involve journal entries.

Payroll systems accurately maintain data related to payroll processing. Familiarity with formal payroll systems and computerized software ensure the candidate has experience with current payroll technology.

Much of your answer to this question will depend on your role – so do some careful research into your chosen department. In M&A, you might spend much of your time on financial models related to the deals you’re working on, while in a trading role you might start out by assisting more senior members of the team before being given the chance to manage a trading book yourself. Beyond that, it’s important to show that you’ll be keen to take on responsibilities, but that you also recognise that your first year is about learning the ropes, usually means include following instructions from others and completing some mundane tasks.

After posting the all accounts in the Ledger a statement is prepared to showing debit and credit balances.Debit balances must be tally with the Credit side balance is called trial balance

A journal entry is recorded accourding to the rules of debit and credit.for example goods sold for Rs 50000 for cash ----to record this -- identify the accounts involved-- i.e.goods A/cand Cash A/cgoods is a real account and cash is also a real accountdebit and credit rule for Real accounts is DEBIT WHAT COMES IN CREDIT WHAT GOES OUT according to this--cash is coming to the organisation and goods is leaving from the organisation--Entry for this is Cash A/c Dr. 50000 to Goods A/c or Sales A/c 50000 ( For Cash Sales )

A company may also have various company codes across the different locations. There will be exchange of services between these company codes. These goods and services which are shared or exchanged between these company codes are bring to terms during the month end process. The exchange difference has to be settled by a company code in the way of money transfer.

This process is known as Intercompany Settlement. 

The Accountant typically prepares the Bank Reconciliation Statement using all transactions.

Bank Reconciliation Statement :

Bank reconciliation is a process which prepares a statement accounting for the difference between the cash balance in the cash account of a company and the cash balance according to its bank statement. This statement can help a company to verify that its bank account ending balance per the bank matches the balance on hand per the company's general ledger.

You should have recorded in your cash books all amounts you have actually received and payments you have actually made. However the cash books may be incomplete as your bank may have put extra transactions through your account such as:

► bank fees or interest charges
► direct debits (payments) and direct credits (receipts).

Doing a regular bank reconciliation will allow you to:

► take into account any extra transactions your bank puts through your account and
► check and record any errors or omissions.

By regularly doing a bank reconciliation (say monthly) you can be more confident that your records contain all the information you need to prepare your income tax return and activity statements.