Accounting and Finance Questions

Fractional reserve banking is the practice whereby a bank accepts deposits, makes loans or investments, but is required to hold reserves equal to only a fraction of its deposit liabilities. Fractional reserve banking is a banking system in which only a fraction of bank deposits are backed by actual cash on hand and are available for withdrawal. This is done to expand the economy by freeing up capital that can be loaned out to other parties.

The persons whose primary investing objective is to preserve capital while generating a tax-free income stream, then municipal bonds are worth considering.

Municipal bonds (munis) are debt obligations issued by government entities. When you buy a municipal bond, you are loaning money to the issuer in exchange for a set number of interest payments over a predetermined period. At the end of that period, the bond reaches its maturity date, and the full amount of your original investment is returned to you.

Types of Municipal Bonds :

Municipal bonds come in the following two varieties:

1. General obligation bonds (GO)
2. Revenue bonds

General obligation bonds, issued to raise immediate capital to cover expenses, are supported by the taxing power of the issuer.

Revenue bonds, which are issued to fund infrastructure projects, are supported by the income generated by those projects.

Both types of bonds are tax exempt and particularly attractive to risk-averse investors due to the high likelihood that the issuers will repay their debts.

Most financial investments are examples of Human risk type of risks. Since, we humans invest in any kind of financial investments on our own risk expecting profits.

The words "asset" and "liability" are two very common words in accounting. Liabilities are legally binding obligations that are payable to another person or entity. Accounts payable, loans, mortgages, deferred revenue,... come under liabilities.

APR means Annual Percentage Rate. Creditcards apr can be increased when you missed credit card payments.

Accounts receivable is listed as a current asset in the balance sheet, since it is usually convertible into cash in less than one year as it is the amount owed by the customer to the seller.