Questions

In the novel entitled 1984 by George Orwell's, "War is Peace; Freedom is Slavery; Ignorance is Strength;" is one of the three slogans of the entity known only as “The Party,” English Socialist Party ("INGSOC" for short) of Oceania.

It means "describes the act of simultaneously accepting two mutually contradictory beliefs as correct, often in distinct social contexts."

American startup Planet Labs, that launches small satellites into orbit and sells the imagery, has announced its acquisition of Google's 'Terra Bella' satellite business. As part of the agreement, 60 Google employees will join the startup founded by ex-NASA scientists. Terra Bella, was acquired by Google in 2014 for $500 million and that time it was known as Skybox Imaging.

Business cycles are identified as having four distinct phases:

1. Expansion,

2. Peak,

3. Contraction, and

4. Trough.

Expansion is the phase of the business cycle when the economy moves from a trough to a peak. It is a period when the level of business activity surges and gross domestic product (GDP) expands until it reaches a peak. A period of expansion is also known as an economic recovery.

An expansion is characterized by increasing employment, economic growth, and upward pressure on prices.

Osmosis is the process in which water molecules move from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower potential down a water potential gradient across a partially permeable membrane. It doen't requires any additional energy to do this work. 

So, Osmosis is a Passive.

Active and passive transport processes are two ways molecules and other materials move in and out of cells and cross intracellular membranes.

1. Active transport is the movement of molecules or ions against a concentration gradient (from an area of lower to higher concentration), which does not ordinarily occur, so enzymes and energy are required.

2. Passive transport is the movement of molecules or ions from an area of higher to lower concentration. Passive transport occurs because of the entropy of the system, so additional energy isn't required for it to occur.

3. Active transport requires energy to proceed, while passive transport does not require the input of extra energy to occur.

Nitrogen (N2) forms Three Covalent Bonds to become stable.

Here the Atmomic Number of Nitrogen is 7. Because there are 2 electrons in the first orbital and 5 in the second and you still have space for 3 more. So it shares, 3 to get the stable octet. Therefore, there are 3 covalent bonds in N2.

Calculation of molar mass of HNO3:

Atomic masses of H, N, O are 1, 14, 16 respectively

Now the molar mass of HNO3 is

HNO3 = 1X1 + 1X14 + 3X16

= 1 + 14 + 48

= 63 g/mol or amu.

Internal Rate of Return is that rate of Return at which the net present value is equal to Zero or it is the Rate which equates the present value of the cash inflows to the cash outflows.

NPV = Cash Inflow - Cash outflow

NPV = Zero