Questions

Covalent bonding occurs when pairs of electrons are shared by atoms. Atoms will covalently bond with other atoms in order to gain more stability, which is gained by forming a full electron shell. By sharing their outer most (valence) electrons, atoms can fill up their outer electron shell and gain stability.

Examples of compounds with covalent bonds ::

HCl, CO2, O2,... 

The EPA stands for Environment Protection Agency in U.S which studies pollution and other environmental health hazards.

As a wholesaler, applicant should say that he/she would face production problem, growing consumption, not concentrating on important market segment, scale of operations not being proper, delivery to different stores and having some issues with suppliers and not a good relationship with suppliers. I would face these problems in reaching the target commitment to suppliers as a wholesaler.

Integration testing is done at module level when various modules are integrated with each other to form a system or sub-system. Its main purpose is to ensure that interfaces between various modules are working properly; i.e. modules which are working individually are also working correctly together.

System testing is done on a complete, integrated system to evaluate the system’s compliance with its specified requirements. It validates that the system meets its functional and non-functional requirements.

From these definitions, it is clear that the purpose of Integration and purpose of System Testing are different. Therefore, Integration test cases focus more on the interfaces between modules (interface integrity) - the data transfer and their interaction with each other. System test cases focus on testing the product as a whole; i.e. whether the functional, non-functional requirements of the System are met or not. Since System Testing is the final phase before delivery of the product, System test cases should pinpoint configuration related errors along with testing for performance, security, reliability etc.

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Scheduler deals with the problem of deciding which of the process in the ready queue is to be allocated the CPU. Short Term Schedulers, Long Term Schedulers