Questions

This section identifies and describes the five Project Management Process Groups required for any project. These five process Groups have clear dependencies and are performed in the same sequence on each project.

The five Process Groups are :

Initiating  Process Group - Defines and authorizes the project or a project phase

Planning Process Group - Defines and refines objectives, and plans the course of action required to attain the objectives and scope that the project was undertaken to address.

Executing Process Group - Integrates people and other resources to carry out the project management plan for the project

Monitoring and Controlling process Group - Regularly measures and monitors progress to identify variances from the project management plan so that corrective action can be taken when necessary to meet project objectives.

Closing Process Group - Formalizes acceptance of the product, service or result and brings the project or a project phase to an orderly end.

In binary representation there are some states that believed to be never occurred due to some particular functionality of a given circuit. If zero output is assigned to such states then it is called minimal risk solution as  we are resetting the formidable states which could be occurred accidentally. Another approach is to assigned a don't care to them so it results in lesser logic and hence is called minimal cost solution.

I. Inputs

• Work performance information


• Performance measurements


• Forecasted completion


• Quality control measurements


• Project management plan

                - Performance measurement baseline

• Approved change requests


• Deliverables

II. Tools and Techniques

• Information presentation tools


• Performance information gathering and compilation


• Status review meetings


• Time reporting systems


• Cost reporting systems

III. Outputs

• Performance reports


• Forecasts


• Requested changes


• Recommended corrective actions


• Organizational process assets (updates)

Integration testing is done at module level when various modules are integrated with each other to form a system or sub-system. Its main purpose is to ensure that interfaces between various modules are working properly; i.e. modules which are working individually are also working correctly together.

System testing is done on a complete, integrated system to evaluate the system’s compliance with its specified requirements. It validates that the system meets its functional and non-functional requirements.

From these definitions, it is clear that the purpose of Integration and purpose of System Testing are different. Therefore, Integration test cases focus more on the interfaces between modules (interface integrity) - the data transfer and their interaction with each other. System test cases focus on testing the product as a whole; i.e. whether the functional, non-functional requirements of the System are met or not. Since System Testing is the final phase before delivery of the product, System test cases should pinpoint configuration related errors along with testing for performance, security, reliability etc.

Tectonic plates are pieces of Earth's crust and uppermost mantle, together referred to as the lithosphere. These plates which float on and travel independently over the mantle and much of the earth's seismic activity occurs at the boundaries of these plates.

The seven major plates are the African plate, Antarctic plate, Eurasian plate, Indo-Australian plate, North American plate, Pacific plate and South American plate.

Volcanoes usually form along plate boundaries , where tectonic plates are either moving towards or away from one another. They may be convergent or divergent.

An ionic bond is formed between two molecules when transfer of valency electrons take place between them.