Questions

Judaism is the world's oldest monotheistic religion with the belief in one God. The followers of Judaism are called Jews.

Bartholomew Diaz reached the point in 1487, which the Portuguese named Cape of Good Hope (the southern most point of Africa).

The hypothalamus which is near the pituitary gland is a small region located at the base of the brain. The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in many important functions including releasing hormones, regulating body temperature, regulates hunger etc...

In music, a fugue is a contrapuntal compositional technique in two or more voices, built on a subject that is introduced at the beginning in imitation and which recurs frequently in the course of the composition. 

Hence, the main theme of a fugue is called the subject.