Questions

ATP and NADPH produced by the light reactions are used in the Calvin cycle to reduce carbon dioxide to sugar. The Calvin cycle is similar to the Krebs cycle in that the starting material is regenerated by the end of the cycle.

Translation occurs in the cytoplasm whereas transcription occurs in the nucleus.

Transcription and Translation:

Terms transcription and translation in biology are generally related to the DNA and its properties. Human cells replicate. In order to do that, they have to produce the same constituents for the new cell that is to be made. The only way to do that is by producing proteins.

The proteins are produced in the process that is called protein synthesis. The first step is in the nucleus where a particular gene is being expressed so it enables all protein factors to come and to replicate that part of a chromosome. This is finished when mRNA, the same single-stranded genetic code of a particular gene, is formed. This is transcription.

Right after that, the mRNA enters the cytoplasm through nuclear pores. There, it could be translated into proteins by ribosomes. This process is called translation.

Kelvin is used to measure Temperature,

Candela is used to measure Intensity of flame,

Steredian is used to measure Solid Angle.

They are the sites at which microtubules attach to chromosomes.