Questions

The complexity and variety of organic molecules is due to the chemical versatility of carbon atoms.

Cathode ray is a beam of electrons emitted   from   the   cathode   of   a vacuum    tube.    It    is    invisible. Cathode  ray  tubes  are  also  found in     televisions     and     computer monitors.  Since  cathode  ray  is  a beam of electrons and all electrons are  identical,  charge  to  mass  ratio is same for all the gases and does not depend on the nature of gas.

Integration testing is done at module level when various modules are integrated with each other to form a system or sub-system. Its main purpose is to ensure that interfaces between various modules are working properly; i.e. modules which are working individually are also working correctly together.

System testing is done on a complete, integrated system to evaluate the system’s compliance with its specified requirements. It validates that the system meets its functional and non-functional requirements.

From these definitions, it is clear that the purpose of Integration and purpose of System Testing are different. Therefore, Integration test cases focus more on the interfaces between modules (interface integrity) - the data transfer and their interaction with each other. System test cases focus on testing the product as a whole; i.e. whether the functional, non-functional requirements of the System are met or not. Since System Testing is the final phase before delivery of the product, System test cases should pinpoint configuration related errors along with testing for performance, security, reliability etc.

I. Inputs

• Work performance information


• Performance measurements


• Forecasted completion


• Quality control measurements


• Project management plan

                - Performance measurement baseline

• Approved change requests


• Deliverables

II. Tools and Techniques

• Information presentation tools


• Performance information gathering and compilation


• Status review meetings


• Time reporting systems


• Cost reporting systems

III. Outputs

• Performance reports


• Forecasts


• Requested changes


• Recommended corrective actions


• Organizational process assets (updates)

In binary representation there are some states that believed to be never occurred due to some particular functionality of a given circuit. If zero output is assigned to such states then it is called minimal risk solution as  we are resetting the formidable states which could be occurred accidentally. Another approach is to assigned a don't care to them so it results in lesser logic and hence is called minimal cost solution.

Anything which is circular shape has no beginning, no middle or no end. 

The food like donuts have no beginning, end or middle.