Questions

The letter 'P' sounds same as the vegetable 'PEA'.

Hence P is an alphabet which is a vegetable.

If less work is involved in searching a element than to sort and then extract, then we don’t go for sort

If frequent use of the file is required for the purpose of retrieving specific element, it is more efficient to sort the file.

Thus it depends on situation

The panchatantra was written by Vishnu sharma, an Indian scholar during the period of Gupta rule. It is during 3rd Century BCE.

ptr pointer is constant. In ptr = yourbuf the program is trying to modify it, hence an error.

The Amoebas belong to a group called Protista.

Amoebas are of the animal kingdom subdivision for microscopic organisms - protozoa.

CPU speed is the central factor in a computer's performance. And this CPU speed depends on the processor in the CPU chip. In a computer, clock speed refers to the number of pulses per second generated by an oscillator that sets the tempo for the processor. Clock speed is usually measured in Hertz (Hz).

But now-a-days, a pure processor's performance is measured in MIPS (Millions of Instructions Per Second). As here in the question, how a processor's speed is measured is asked and it is Hertz. 

Hence, Processor's speed of a computer is measured in Hertz(Hz) [MHz, GHz].