Questions

A restrictive clause is one that limits the meaning of the word it describes.

For example :: 

The girl who lives next door is beautiful.

This restrictive clause limits "the girl" to say it's specifically the one next door.

This difference proves that the earth is flattened at the poles and is thus, not a perfect sphere. The shape is reffered to as "geoid"

Translation is the process by which a protein is synthesized from the information contained in a molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA). During translation, an mRNA sequence is read using the genetic code, which is a set of rules that defines how an mRNA sequence is to be translated into the 20-letter code of amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins.

In short, during the process of translation source language text is conveyed to destination language.

Hydrogen is the common element to all Acids. But every element which contains Hydrogen is not an Acid. Most of the acids also contain Oxygen.

Buoyancy or Upthrust, is an upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of an immersed object.

In a column of fluid, pressure increases with depth as a result of the weight of the overlying fluid.

Tips

It would be wise to save this question for the interviewing manager, and not for a peer/technical discussion. Nobody likes a kiss-up, but letting management know that you will communicate openly and honestly with them, always scores big points. The last part of the question can be a good barometer about how easy it will be to become a top performer. You can follow up with a discussion of how you have been successful in your previous jobs.