Questions

Sumo wrestling is the Japan origin game in which the two heavy weight wrestlers fight in a marked circle to throw the opponent out of the circle to win the game. And the two participants in the game are called Sumos.

Hence, sumo wrestling is the national sport of Japan.

Monopolistic competition is a type of imperfect competition such that many producers sell products that are differentiated from one another (e.g. by branding or quality) and hence are not perfect substitutes.

In other words, large sellers selling the products that are similar, but not identical and compete with each other on other factors besides price.

Given total number of rats = 999919

999919 = 1000000 - 81 = 10002 - 92 = (1000+9)(1000-9) = 1009 x 991.
Since there were more rats than there were cats, 991 cats killed 1009 rats each.

Also called FIFO anomaly. Usually, on increasing the number of frames allocated to a process virtual memory, the process execution is faster, because fewer page faults occur. Sometimes, the reverse happens, i.e., the execution time increases even when more frames are allocated to the process. This is Belady's Anomaly. This is true for certain page reference patterns.