Questions

When modifiers are misplaced or put in the wrong place, things can get quite confusing. A modifier adds detail or limits or changes the meaning of another word or phrase. 

Here Option A) "Covered in fluffiness, the couple played with the kitten" is the ony sentence contains a misplaced modifier. In the sentence, it gives the meaning that the couple are fluffy not the kitten.

A colored ion generally indicates a transition metal.

Income easticity of demand measures the responsiveness of demand for any goods to changes in income. With increase in incomes generally the demand for farm products like rice wheat etc, will not change drastically. With income increase, demand for luxuries such as consumer durables etc will increase. The income elasticity  of demand for farm products is thus low.

The Indian Slavery Act, also called as Act 5th of 1843, was an act passed in British India under East India Company rule, which outlawed many economic transactions associated with slavery.

Alum is a common alum, potassium aluminum sulphate K2SO4.Al2SO43.24H2O which makes colloidally suspended impurities in water such as clay to settle down.