Questions

The weight of the man mg is acting on the floor. As the lift is moving up with an acceleration, say a, the man too in it is having this acceleration. The force producing this acceleration is ma. By Newton's third law, this force will have an equal reaction pressing the floor equal to ma. Therefore the total resultant reaction on the floor is mg+ma = m(g+a) which is mg, the weight of the man. So (a) is correct.

Euclid of Alexandria was a Greek mathematician, often referred to as the Father of Geometry.

The EKG was invented by Willem Einthoven in 1903 and is used to monitor and analyze past and present heart activity in an individual.

Translation is the process by which a protein is synthesized from the information contained in a molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA). During translation, an mRNA sequence is read using the genetic code, which is a set of rules that defines how an mRNA sequence is to be translated into the 20-letter code of amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins.

In short, during the process of translation source language text is conveyed to destination language.