Java Questions

Cloning refers to creating duplicate copies of objects in java.

Shallow Cloning: Shallow cloning is a bitwise copy of an object. New object is created which is an exact copy that of the original one. In case any objects are referring the fields of these objects, just the references are copied.

Deep Cloning: In deep cloning, complete duplicate copy of the original copy is created. Deep cloning creates not only the primitive values of the original objects but also copies all its sub objects as well.

Clonable interface is used to perform cloning in java.

The classloader is a subsystem of JVM that is used to load classes and interfaces.There are many types of classloaders e.g. Bootstrap classloader, Extension classloader, System classloader, Plugin classloader etc.

AWT are heavy-weight componenets. Swings are light-weight components. Hence swing works faster than AWT.

bcoz interface does not contains any initializers and constructors to initialize its data members.

Encapsulation describes the ability of an object to hide its data and methods from the rest of the world 

The diamond problem is an ambiguity that can occur when a class multiply inherits from two classes that both descend from a common super class

DriverManager is a class in java.sql package. It is the basic service for managing a set of JDBC drivers.

Static member class is a class defined inside outer class with static modifier.

EX:

Class A {  //top level class or outer class

    .....

    static class B {  //static member class

    }

   .....

}