The difference between Union and Union all is that Union all will not eliminate duplicate rows, instead it just pulls all rows from all tables fitting your query specifics and combines them into a table. A UNION statement effectively does a SELECT DISTINCT on the results set.
The law of conservation of mass states that in any closed system the mass of the system is neither created nor destroyed over time i.e, the mass cannot be changed overtime.
In the mesh topology, each computer is connected to the other with a separate physical link in a network. It is most reliable topology as the network does not get down in case one of the nodes is failed.