Questions

An autoimmune disease is a condition in which your immune system mistakenly attacks your body.

The immune system normally guards against germs like bacteria and viruses. When it senses these foreign invaders, it sends out an army of fighter cells to attack them. Normally, the immune system can tell the difference between foreign cells and your own cells.

In an autoimmune disease, the immune system mistakes part of your body — like your joints or skin — as foreign. It releases proteins called autoantibodies that attack healthy cells. Some autoimmune diseases target only one organ. Type 1 diabetes damages the pancreas. Other diseases, like lupus, affect the whole body.

Hence, Systematic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease that affects multiple organs.

Osmosis is the process in which water molecules move from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower potential down a water potential gradient across a partially permeable membrane. It doen't requires any additional energy to do this work. 

So, Osmosis is a Passive.

Active and passive transport processes are two ways molecules and other materials move in and out of cells and cross intracellular membranes.

1. Active transport is the movement of molecules or ions against a concentration gradient (from an area of lower to higher concentration), which does not ordinarily occur, so enzymes and energy are required.

2. Passive transport is the movement of molecules or ions from an area of higher to lower concentration. Passive transport occurs because of the entropy of the system, so additional energy isn't required for it to occur.

3. Active transport requires energy to proceed, while passive transport does not require the input of extra energy to occur.

The troposphere is the lowest layer of the atmosphere and where most clouds are. That means all weather is in the troposphere. Almost all weather occurs in the Troposphere, basically, the lowest layer that goes up to about 10 - 15 kms.

Secondhand smoke is very dangerous and creates serious health risks to you and your family members.