Questions

1st copper wire: R = pl/A = pl/ πr2

2ndcopper wire: R’ = p’l’/A’ = pl/(4 πr2) = R/4

If joined in parallel, (1/Req) = (1/R) + (1/R’)

= 1/R + 4/R1/Req= 5/R

Req= R/5

The logic in this puzzle is summing the result of [subtraction of upper two digits] & [addition of lower two digits] 

Hence, the result is  

(5 - 3) + (2 + 8) = 2 + 10 = 12.

The Kargil War, also known as the Kargil conflict, was an armed conflict between India and Pakistan that took place between May and July 1999 in the Kargil district of Kashmir and elsewhere along the Line of Control (LOC). In India, the conflict is also referred to as Operation Vijay.

Lala Lajpat Rai, popularly known as Punjab Kesari was an Indian Freedom Fighter who gave the safety valve theory for Indian National Congress in 1916 in a daily news paper paper 'Young India'. 

It was said that the INC was started by Viceroy Lord Dufferin with the help of an ex Civil Services member as a 'Safety Valve' against the popular discontent.