CCNA Questions

A VPN allows or describes the creation of private networks across the Internet, enabling privacy and tunneling of non-TCP/IP protocols. A VPN can be set up across any type of link.

The loop back address with IPv4 is 127.0.0.1 . With IPv6, that address is ::1

PPPoE  or  PPPoA

The Session layer of the OSI model offers three different modes of communication : Simplex, half duplex, and full duplex.

There are no broadcasts with IPv6. Unicast , multicast, anycast, global, and link - local unicast are used.

OSI layer 1 defines the standards for cabling and connectors.

This is a pretty simple question. A/28 is 255.255.255.240, which means that our block size is 16 in the fourth octent. 0,16, 32, 48, 64, 80, etc. The host is in the 64 subnet.

You must be able to take a binary number and convert it into both decimal and hexadecimal. To convert to decimal, just add up the 1s using their values. The values that are turned on with the binary number of 10110111 are 128+32+16+4+2+1=183. To get the hexadecimal equivalent, you need to break the eight binary digits into nibbles (4 bits), 1011 and 0111. By adding up these values, you get 11 and 7. In hexadecimal, 11 is B, so the answer is 0xB7.