TOEFL Questions

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A passage with three blanks, followed by five options, each containing one word, is given. Choose the word that can fill all the three blanks.
The ability of humans to ___________ the landscape and recognize the consequences of doing so puts us in a peculiar position. There are several animals on earth that show this same kind of intelligence. Some animals have extensions to ___________ their environment and some do not. As a species we are assigned the duty to provide and proliferate. Our goal is to achieve stability for ourselves and our kin. However, we also have an obligation to maintain the environment, as we depend on the resources and services it provides. The question then becomes:
what is our role in nature? Do we have the right to _________ the land, factory farm animals, and pollute waterways? Or do we have an obligation to reduce our numbers and merely subsist? In order to answer these questions, we must rely on our knowledge of Earth, evolution, and our influence on the environment.

In the following question, some part of the sentence may have errors. Find out which part of the sentence has an error and select the appropriate option. If a sentence is free from error, select 'No Error'.

The receptionist gave us (A)/ much informations (B)/ which we needed. (C)/ No Error (D)

In the following question, some part of the sentence may have errors. Find out which part of the sentence has an error and select the appropriate option. If a sentence is free from error, select 'No Error'.

I was shocked (A)/ to see how much my grand mother had aged (B)/ since the last time we visited her. (C)/ No Error (D)

In the following passage, some of the words have been left out. Read the passage carefully and select the correct answer for the given blank out of the four alternatives.

Many persons of good education unconsciously circumscribe themselves ___________ a small vocabulary. They have a knowledge of hundreds of desirable wordswhich they do not put _________ practical use in their speech or writing. Many, too, are conscious __________ a poverty of language, which engenders in them a senseof timidity and self-___________. The method used for building a large vocabulary has __________ been confined to the study of single words.

large vocabulary has __________ been confined

A sentence has been given in Active/Passive Voice. Out of the four given alternatives, select the one which best expresses the same sentence in Passive/Active Voice.

Shah Jahan built the Red Fort.

In the following question, a passage is given which describes a situation. From the given options, mark the correct inference that can be drawn from the passage. If none of the inferences follow, mark option 5, “None of these” as the answer.
The philosophy of pragmatism goes something like this. The mind is such that it deals only with ideas. It is not possible for the mind to relate to anything other than ideas. Therefore, it is not correct to think that the mind actually can ponder reality. All that the mind can ponder is its ideas about reality. (Whether or not that is the way reality actually is, is a metaphysical
issue). Therefore, whether or not something is true is not a matter of how closely it corresponds to the absolute truth, but of how consistent it is with our experience.

In the following questions a part of a sentence is given in bold, it is then followed by four sentences which try to explain the meaning of the idiom/phrase given in bold. Choose the alternative from the four given below each question which explains the meaning of the phrase correctly without altering the meaning of the sentence
given as question. If none of the sentence explains the meaning of the highlighted phrase, choose option  i.e., “None of these” as your answer choice

We are used to giving benefit of a doubt to people we are closest to, the ones who we know very well. This comes to us naturally as we know for a fact they are good people; and even more - we know they like/ love us so they wouldn't do anything against us.

Read the following passage carefully and choose the most appropriate answer to the question out of the four alternatives.

Most economists in the United States seem captivated by the spell of the free market. Consequently, nothing seems good or normal that does not accord with the requirements of the free market. A price that is determined by the seller or, for that matter (for that matter: so far as that is concerned), established by anyone other than the aggregate of consumers seems pernicious. Accordingly, it requires a major act of will to think of price-fixing (the determination of prices by the seller) as both "normal" and having a valuable economic function. In fact, price-fixing is normal in all industrialized societies because the industrial system itself provides, as an effortless consequence of its own development, the price-fixing that it requires. Modern industrial planning requires and rewards great size. Hence, a comparatively small number of large firms will be competing for the same group of consumers. That each large firm will act with consideration of its own needs and thus avoid selling its products for more than its competitors charge is commonly recognized by advocates of free-market economic theories. But each large firm will also act with full consideration of the needs that it has in common with the other large firms competing for the same customers.

A major act of will will bring about price-fixing that will be seen as -