Indian Politics Questions

Protective arrangements: Such measures as are required to enforce equality, to provide punitive measures for transgressions, to eliminate established practices that perpetuate inequities, etc.A number of laws were enacted to implement the provisions in the Constitution. Examples of such laws include The Untouchability Practices Act, 1955, Scheduled Casteand Scheduled Tribe (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989, The Employment of Manual Scavengers and Construction of Dry Latrines (Prohibition) Act, 1993, etc. Despite legislation, social discrimination and atrocities against the backward castes continued topersist

The  Directive  Principles  of  State Policy are enumerated in Part IV of the Constitution from Articles 36 to 51.   The   Directive   Principles   are non-justiciable  in  nature,  that  is, they are not legally enforceable by the  courts  for  their  violation.  So, the     Governments     cannot     be compelled   to   implement   them.Although the Constitution in Article 37  itself  says  that  these  principles are fundamental in the governance of  the  country  and  it  shall  be  the duty  of  the  State  to  apply  these principles  in  making  laws. These principles  reflect  the  ideology  of socialism, Gandhian and liberalism.