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Q:

What are the key object oriented concepts used by Windows NT?

Answer

Encapsulation, Object class and instance.

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Subject: Operating Systems

Q:

What are the four layers that Windows NT have in order to achieve independence?

Answer

1.Hardware abstraction layer


2.Kernel


3.Subsystems


4.System Services.

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Subject: Operating Systems

Q:

What has triggered the need for multitasking in PCs?

Answer

1. Increased speed and memory capacity of microprocessors together with the support for virtual memory and


2. Growth of client server computing

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Subject: Operating Systems

Q:

A number is selected from the numbers 1,2,3,4.......25.The probability for it to be divisible by 4 or 7 is:

A) 3/25 B) 9/25
C) 1/25 D) None of these
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: B) 9/25

Explanation:

Total numbers = 25

 Numbers divisible by 4 or 7 are 4, 7, 8, 12, 14, 16, 20, 21, 24 = 9

 

 The probability (divisible by 4 or 7) = 9/25

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Filed Under: Probability

Q:

In loading programs into memory, what is the difference between load-time dynamic linking and run-time dynamic linking?

Answer

For load-time dynamic linking: Load module to be loaded is read into memory. Any reference to a target external module causes that module to be loaded and the references are updated to a relative address from the start base address of the application module.


With run-time dynamic loading: Some of the linking is postponed until actual reference during execution. Then the correct module is loaded and linked.

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Subject: Operating Systems

Q:

In the context of memory management, what are placement and replacement algorithms?

Answer

Placement algorithms determine where in available real-memory to load a program. Common methods are first-fit, next-fit, best-fit. Replacement algorithms are used when memory is full, and one process (or part of a process) needs to be swapped out to accommodate a new program. The replacement algorithm determines which are the partitions to be swapped out.

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Subject: Operating Systems

Q:

How are the wait/signal operations for monitor different from those for semaphores?

Answer

If a process in a monitor signal and no task is waiting on the condition variable, the signal is lost. So this allows easier program design. Whereas in semaphores, every operation affects the value of the semaphore, so the wait and signal operations should be perfectly balanced in the program.

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Subject: Operating Systems

Q:

Describe the Buddy system of memory allocation.

Answer

Free memory is maintained in linked lists, each of equal sized blocks. Any such block is of size 2^k. When some memory is required by a process, the block size of next higher order is chosen, and broken into two. Note that the two such pieces differ in address only in their kth bit. Such pieces are called buddies. When any used block is freed, the OS checks to see if its buddy is also free. If so, it is rejoined, and put into the original free-block linked-list.

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Subject: Operating Systems