A Customer Master Record is a permanent record that contains key information about a business partner or a material. This information must be entered into the system before any transactions can take place involving the business partner [customer] or a material. Entering all the information about a customer or a material into the system before making transactions insures that subsequent transactions or inquiries will have consistent data and reports and analyses can be done in an orderly way. Master Records can be edited or changed when necessary. Changing master records is frequently called "Maintaining" in SAP

Finance:It is the branch of economics that studies the management of money and other assets.In simpler terms it can be defined as the commercial activity of providing funds and capital.It addresses questions like -- what funds are required by the org & How they can be raised &  How they have to be allocated etc.

Accounts: It is the occupation of maintaining and auditing records and preparing financial reports for a business. Accounts provides quantitative information about finances. It addresses issues like what amount of funds have been allocated to various activities, how the book-keeping is being done etc.

Both functions are distinct but complimentary to each other.

Finance and accounts are highly specilized and distinct areas and hence most organizations have seperate sections of finance and accounts.

In international accounting LIFO and extraordinary items are prohibited

In international accounting, proposed dividend entry is made in the Year in which it is declared, but in Indian Accounting Standards Proposed Divided entry is passed in the year for which dividend is declared. e.g. Dividend for 09-10 declared in AGM on 14 Sept 2010, Financial (Accounting) Year = 2009-10

In Indian Accounting entry would be passed in 2009-10 Accounts books, but in International Accounting entry would be passed in the year 2010-11 Accounts books.

A key functional area of SAP for Utilities that supports cross-company exchange of settlement data based on international standards such as EDI, XML, and Microsoft Excel.

Intercompany data exchange manages data transfer between retailers, distributors, and independent service operators with special regard to the requirements in deregulated markets.

Automatic payments batch means auto payment is done on the bases of the batch, which u created for the payment of particular pay group etc.

Automatic payments means auto payments is done on the bases of single transaction u selected base for the payments

There are broadly  2 Type of accounts

1. Personnel Accounts

2. Impersonnel Accounts.

Personnel Accounts is an account maintained to record transactions with persons. Based on the classification of the persons personnel account can be of

1. Natural Personnel Account (Mr. Ram, Mr. Robert, Mr.Rahim)

2. Artificial Person (all entities like companies, banks, municipal corporations, all statutory or non statutory bodies)

3. Representative Person: Representing group transactions for group of persons like Salary Payable Account. Taxes payable account.

Where as Impersonnel Account shall be of Two types.

A. Real Account      B.Nominal Account.

Real Accounts are accounts to record transactions relating to Assets. Like Cash, Plant & Machinery etc., These type of accounts are permanent accounts.

Nominal Accounts are the accounts used to record the transactions relating to Income and Expenses. Like Salary, Power, Sales etc., At the end of the year all the nominal accounts are closed by transferring to Profit and loss account or Income and Expenditure account. The net differnce shall be carried forwarded to Balance Sheet.

The Debit balance recovery is usually made by raising a credit memo for the regular vendors. However if there are no future transactions from the supplier, we ask the vendor to send the check / make an EFT for the amount due from him.

Employee Travel and Expense Report (ETER ) / Direct Pay / Unencumbered Goods and Services

- The ETER is examined for compliance with Travel policy by the accounting clerk prior to submission to Accounts payable

- Accounts Payable enters ETER Information into Banner as a Direct pay, generates a Banner invoice number, and records invoice information

- Reimbursement checks for ETERs will be processed within five business days after a completed and correct ETER is received by Accounts payable and scheduled for payment in the payment cycle following.

- ETERs should be submitted within  60 calendar days of incurring the expenses. TEARs submitted for expenses older than two months will not be processed nor reimbursed.