Scepticism refers to doubt. The incident that is discussed in the sentence shows love and the positive side of a human being. Thus 'humanity' is the appropriate word. Hence (1) should be replaced by (5). When a person is charged with a crime, a formal allegation (a statement not yet proven) of an offence is made. But the sentence says he was going to jail, which means the allegations have been
proved to be true. He has already been sentenced. Thus, (4) must be replaced by (8). Vandalised and destroyed are synonyms. Also, if the Masjid forgot about the boys, they wouldn’t have bothered to pay his fine. So, no changes in these two options. Hence, the correct answer is 1.

All the words in the sentence are correct and require no changes. Hence, the correct answer is option 5.

Abilities belong to humans, not of institutions. The number of beds in a hospital are fixed. They cannot be increased beyond a certain limit. So, if the number of beds is less, the number of patients often exceed the number of beds. Insipid and tasteless are synonymous, so no change there. Both medication and medicine have bills, so, changing hem wouldn’t make a difference. Hence, the correct answer is 2.

The passage clearly states that several characteristics are shared between humans and primates with respect to their taste profiles. It also states that it is because of evolution. But to infer that both species share the same profile would be incorrect making option a incorrect. The passage is all about the human ability to discern different tastes. One cannot infer about the likability of certain tastes from the given passage making option 2 incorrect. In the first sentence itself the passage talks about how majority of the human population can taste a certain artificial flavour. Thus, it can be inferred that majority of the human population have a determinant taste profile making the opposite as stated in option 3 also correct. This also makes option 4 incorrect.

The passage states that reality is not an absolute truth, but a result of our consistent experiences. This makes option a is a correct inference made from the passage. Option 2 is a direct statement already made in the given passage. Option 3 cannot be inferred from the passage as ‘pragmatism’ is considered as a philosophy while ‘reality’ is considered as an amalgamation of our experiences. According to the given passage our experiences enables us to determine what is the reality which may or may not be the truth. This makes option 4 incorrect.

The meanings of the given words are as follows:
Tremulous: shaking or quivering slightly 

Stringent: (of regulations, requirements, or conditions) strict, precise, and exacting

Garrulous: excessively talkative, especially on trivial matters
Quivery: shaking or trembling slightly
Steady: firmly fixed, supported, or balanced; not shaking or moving
Conjunctive: relating to or forming a connection or combination of things
Desist: stop doing something; cease or abstain

Abstain: restrain oneself from doing or enjoying something
Defer: put off (an action or event) to a later time; postpone
Terse: sparing in the use of words; abrupt
Abrupt: sudden and unexpected
Therefore, it can be observed that option B i.e. ‘quivery, steady’ forms a synonym-antonym pair of ‘tremulous’.

The meanings of the given words are as follows:
Histrionic: excessively theatrical or dramatic in character or style
Melodramatic: characteristic of melodrama, especially in being exaggerated or overemotional
Theatrical: exaggerated and excessively dramatic
Conscientious: wishing to do one's work or duty well and thoroughly
Diligent: having or showing care and conscientiousness in one's work or duties
Tenacious: tending to keep a firm hold of something; clinging or adhering closely
Retentive: (of a person's memory) effective in retaining facts and impressions
Thrive: (of a child, animal, or plant) grow or develop well or vigorously
Tussle: a vigorous struggle or scuffle, typically in order to obtain or achieve something
Pertinent: relevant or applicable to a
particular matter; apposite Appropriate: suitable or proper in the circumstances
Therefore, it can be observed that option  i.e. ‘melodramatic, theatrical’ forms a synonym- synonym pair of ‘histrionic’.

The meanings of the given words are as follows:
Nefarious: (typically of an action or activity) wicked or criminal
Sloppy: careless and unsystematic; excessively casual
Flurry: a small swirling mass of something, especially snow or leaves, moved by sudden gusts of wind

Unassertive: (of a person) not having or showing a confident and forceful personality

Ignoble: not honourable in character or purpose
Modest: unassuming in the estimation of one's abilities or achievements
Subtle: (especially of a change or distinction) so delicate or precise as to be difficult to analyse or describe
Gregarious: (of a person) fond of company; sociable
Magnanimous: generous or forgiving, especially towards a rival or less powerful person
Iniquitous: grossly unfair and morally wrong
Atrocious: horrifyingly wicked
Therefore, it can be observed that option E i.e.

‘iniquitous, atrocious’ forms a synonym- synonym pair of ‘nefarious’.