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Q:

Why are intra-area summary routes not allowed?

Answer

OSPF databases on routers in the same area must be identical. If route summarization was allowed within an area, some routers would have specific routes and some routers would have summary routes for routes in the area. If this were allowed, the databases for the area would never agree

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Subject: CCNP

Q:

What types of routes are allowed into a stub area?

Answer

OSPF intra-area and interarea routes, and a default route. External routes are not advertised into a stub area.

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Subject: CCNP

Q:

What types of routes are allowed into a NSSA?

Answer

OSPF intra-area and interarea routes, and possibly a default route. External routes from ABRs are blocked, and external routes from ASBRs are converted to N1 or N2 routes.

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Subject: CCNP

Q:

Explain the difference between a classful and a classless routing protocol.

Answer

Classless routing protocols advertise subnet mask information along with the network prefixes. Classful routing protocols do not. Therefore, for a classful protocol, all subnets for the major network number being used must be the same length. Also, classful protocol cannot support discontiguous networks prefixes.

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Subject: CCNP

Q:

What is the full IPv6 address represented by FF02::130F:5?

Answer

FF02:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:130F:0005

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Subject: CCNP

Q:

Convert 10100010111101011001110110001011 2 to dotted decimal.

Answer

Convert to dotted hexadecimal first, and then convert each hexadecimal number pair to decimal.

A2.F5.9D.8B then 162.245.157.139

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Subject: CCNP

Q:

Convert FACE1234 16 to dotted decimal.

Answer

Answer: FA 16 = 250 10, CE 16 = 206 10, 12 16 = 18 10, and 34 16 = 52 10

FACE1234 16 = 250.206.18.52 dotted decimal

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Subject: CCNP

Q:

What are the access, distribution, and core components of a North American phone number?

Answer

The last four digits are the used at the access layer to identify a particular telephone. The next three numbers are used at the distribution layer to identify an exchange that services several phone numbers. The area code is used at the core level for routing between different regions.

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Subject: CCNP