Questions

Muhammad had to leave Mecca his birth place where he started preaching and take refuse in Medina, where he was given a warm welcome. This event took place in AD 622 and is known as the year of the Hijira, or migration, which became the first year of the Muslim Calendar.

Metonymy is a figure of speech in which a thing or concept is referred to by the name of something closely associated with that thing or concept. Hence it occurs when a word is replaced by a word that has an obvious relation to itself.

In the given example of the text, the bones refer to the human being.

Tiberius Caesar was a Roman emperor from 14 AD to 37 AD. And Jesus was crucified in between 30 - 33AD.

Bartholomew Diaz reached the point in 1487, which the Portuguese named Cape of Good Hope (the southern most point of Africa).

Excessive use of nitrate including manure may be responsible forthe presence of toxic substance in groundwater. Phosphate can also enter the groundwater via excessive use of fertilizers. High application rates of nitrogen containing fertilizers combined with the high-water solubility of nitrate, leads to increased runoff into surface water as well as leaching into groundwater, thereby causing groundwater pollution.

Only a fraction of the nitrogen-based fertilizers, is converted to produce and other plant matter. Nitrate pollution in groundwater comes from pit latrines, it can cause blue baby syndrome.