Indian Geography Questions

Species richness is generally lower in the Arctic than at lower latitudes, and richness also tends to decline from the low to high Arctic.Many hypotheses have been advanced to explain the overall decline of biodiversity with increasing latitude, although there is still no consensus about a mechanistic explanation. Abiotic factors include lower available energy and area at high latitudes, and the relatively young age of Arctic ecosystems.

As temperature of Leh will be lowest during winters from the given options, the highest pressure will be at Leh.

Alluvial Soils

The proportion of nitrogen is generally low, but potash, phosphoric acid and alkalis are adequate, while iron oxide and lime vary within a wide range.

Black Soils

Chemically, the black soils are rich in lime, iron, magnesia and alumina. They also contain potash. But they lack in phosphorus, nitrogen and organic matter.

Laterite Soils

With rain, lime and silica are leached away, and soils rich in iron oxide and aluminium compound are left behind.