Indian History Questions

The Nalayira Divya Prabandham is a collection of 4,000 Tamil verses composed by the 12 Alvars and was compiled in its present form by Nathamunigal during the 9th -10th centuries. These were sung by the Alwars indevotional estacy in varrious shirineas of Vishnu, made famous as Magalashasana sthalas.

The 119th constitutional amendment bill 2013 sought to ratify the land boundary agreement between the two countries. This amendment needed special majority in the parliament to get passed. The bill proposed to amend the 1st schedule of the constitution to exchange the disputed territories occupied by both the nations in accordance with the 1974 bilateral LBA. Since, the law is not related to federal matters, only the approval of the Parliament is needed.

During the Mughal Empire, zamindars belonged tothe nobility and formed the ruling class. Emperor Akbar granted them mansabs and their ancestral domains were treated as jagirs.

In some respects of zamindars and the peasants were natural allies in any struggle against the Mughal government.

The Zamindars often received the support of the peasantry in many agrarian uprisings in North India in the seventeenth century.

In 1861, civil war broke out in the USA. USA was the largest supplier of cotton to Britain. Once the civil war broke out, the demand for cotton from India became high and this led to a surge in cotton cultivation in India and there was a period of ‘boom’ then.In May and June 1875, peasants of Maharashtra in some parts of Pune, Satara and Ahmednagar districts revolted against increasing agrarian distress. The Deccan Riots of 1875 targeted conditions of debt peonage (kamiuti) to moneylenders.In 1879, the Agriculturists Relief Act was passed which ensured that the farmers could not be arrested and imprisoned if they were unable to pay their debts.

The British land revenue policy further undermined the position and authority of the taluqdars. After annexation, the first British revenue settlement, known as the Summary Settlement of 1856, was based on the assumption that the taluqdars were interlopers with no permanent stakes in land: they had established their hold over land through force and fraud.