Questions

Q:

Which of the following statements about aldosterone is NOT correct?

A) Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption by increasing the number of Na+-K+ ATPase pumps in the luminal membrane of the proximal tubule. B) Aldosterone is produced in the adrenal cortex.
C) Aldosterone is stimulated by decreased plasma sodium levels and increased plasma potassium levels. D) All of the above
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: A) Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption by increasing the number of Na+-K+ ATPase pumps in the luminal membrane of the proximal tubule.

Explanation:

Aldosterone is a steroid hormone that is produced in the adrenal gland. It is useful and more essential for the conservation of sodium content in the kidney, salivary glands, colon and sweat glands.

 

Here, Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption by increasing the number of Na+-K+ ATPase pumps in the luminal membrane of the proximal tubule is the only option that is NOT correct about aldosterone.

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Q:

Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives and click the button corresponding to it.


Modern civilisation is completely dependent on energy, which has therefore to be abundant and also economical. About 85% of the world's energy is supplied by oil, coal and natural gas while nuclear, hydro, wind and solar power and biomass supply the rest. Coal, nuclear and hydro are used primarily to generate electricity while natural gas is widely used for heating. Biomass is used both for heating and cooking. The wind and solar power is the future's hope as they are sustainable energy sources. Oil powers almost all machines that move and that makes oil uniquely versatile. Oil powered airplanes carry 500 people across the widest oceans at nearly the speed of sound. Oil powered machines produce and transport food. Oil powered machines are ubiquitous. Clearly, we live in the age of oil but it is drawing to a close. According to data available if oil production remains constant until it's gone, there is enough to last 42 years. Oil wells will produce less as they become depleted, which will make it impossible to keep production constant. Similarly natural gas and coal will last another 61 years and 133 years respectively. Naturally, as they become scarce, they become expensive, leading to a worldwide energy crisis. If we are to survive on this planet, we have to make a transition to sustainable energy sources. The transition may be willy-nilly or planned - the choice is ours.

The dawning era of limited and expensive energy will be very difficult for everyone on earth but will be even more difficult if it is not anticipated. It is of utmost importance that the public and policymakers understand the global energy crisis and act in tandem to ensure that the species 'homo sapiens' does not become extinct.

The survival of mankind will depend on

A) maximum use of available energy resources B) transition to sustainable energy resources
C) regulation placed on energy consumers D) keeping the level of energy production constant
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: B) transition to sustainable energy resources

Explanation:
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Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives and click the button corresponding to it.


There is a time in every man's education when he arrives at the conviction that envy is ignorance; that imitation is suicide; that he must take himself for better, for worse, as his portion; that though the wide universe is full of good, no kernel of nourishing corn can come to him but through his toil bestowed on that plot of ground which is given to him to till. The power which resides in him is new in nature, and none but he knows what that is which he can do, nor does he know until he has tried. Not for nothing one face, one character, one fact, makes much impression on him, and another none. This sculpture in the memory is not without pre-established harmony. The eye was placed where one ray should fall, that it might testify of that particular ray. We but half express ourselves, and are ashamed of that divine idea which each of us represents. It may be safely trusted as proportionate and of good issues, so it be faithfully imparted, but God will not have his work made manifest by cowards. A man is relieved and gay when he has put his heart into his work and has done his best; but what he has said or done otherwise, shall give him no peace. It is a deliverance which does not deliver. In the attempt his genius deserts him; no muse befriends; no invention, no hope.

 

What is that which only the person himself knows and must act in order to discover it?

A) His untapped potential B) His destiny that lies in the future
C) The power which resides in him D) The joy of achieving success
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: C) The power which resides in him

Explanation:
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Q:

A passage is given with five questions following it. Read the passage carefully and select the best answer to each question out of the given four alternatives.

 

He wasn't the first, nor would he be the last, but the wiry, bespectacled man from Gujarat is certainly the most famous of the world's peaceful political dissidents. Mohandas Gandhi – also affectionately known as Mahatma – led India's independence movement in the 1930s and 40s by speaking softly without carrying much of a big stick, facing down the British colonialists with stirring speeches and non-violent protest. More than anything else, historians say, Gandhi proved that one man has the power to take on an empire, using both ethics and intelligence.

 

Urges Britain to quit India

It is hard to imagine the thin, robed Gandhi working in the rough and tumble world of law, but Gandhi did get his start in politics as a lawyer in South Africa, where he supported the local Indian community's struggle for civil rights. Returning to India in 1915, he carried over his desire to improve the situation of the lower classes.

 

Gandhi quickly became a leader within the Indian National Congress, a growing political party supporting independence, and traveled widely with the party to learn about the local struggles of various Indian communities.

 

It was during those travels that his legend grew among the Indian people, historians say.

 

Gandhi was known as much for his wit and intelligence as for his piety. When he was arrested several more times over the years for his actions during the movement,  Gandhi calmly fasted in prison, believing that his death would embarrass the British enough to spur independence, which had become the focus of his politics by 1920.

 

Gandhi's non-cooperation movement, kicked off in the early 1920s, called for Indians to boycott British goods and traditions and become self-reliant. His most famous protest came in 1930, when Gandhi led thousands of Indians on a 250-mile march to a coastal town to produce salt, on which the British had a monopoly.

 

What led to the growth of legend of Mahatma Gandhi among the Indians?

A) He being a very promising lawyer returning from South Africa. B) His non-violent nature.
C) His travel to India with INC to learn about the local struggle of Indians. D) His support to local Indian communities in South Africa.
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: C) His travel to India with INC to learn about the local struggle of Indians.

Explanation:
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Q:

In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the alternative which is the best substitute of the phrase.

urge someone to act in a violent or unlawful way.

A) taunt B) solicit
C) incite D) psych
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: C) incite

Explanation:
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Q:

In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the alternative which is the best substitute of the phrase.
Phobia of dogs

A) Orophobia B) Cynophobia
C) Vatrachophobia D) Phemophobia
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: B) Cynophobia

Explanation:
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Q:

The largest expenditure component of GDP is

A) Consumption B) Net exports
C) Government spending D) Investments
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: A) Consumption

Explanation:
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Q:

In economics, the cost of something is

A) the dollar amount of obtaining it B) what you give up to get it
C) often impossible to quantify, even in principle D) always measured in units of time given up to get it
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: B) what you give up to get it

Explanation:

In economics, the cost of something is what you give up to get it.

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