Questions

All x86 processors have pipelined structure.

Because there is no need address traansaction between processor and peripheral device but data bus is needed because data has to be read and write

All the above will stay where they are when they goes off. Basically anything that can swithch on or off will come under this.

Robert Brown, Scottish botanist, Discovered The Nucleus of a Cell in 1831, London. When Brown was studying orchids under microscope when he observed an opaque area, which he called the "Areola" or "Nucleus", in the cells of the flower's outer layer.

The nucleus was also described by Franz Bauer in 1804 but in detail Robert Brown made it in 1831.