Judaism is one of the oldest monotheistic religions and was founded over 3500 years ago in the Middle East.

Jews believe that God appointed the Jews to be his chosen people in order to set an example of holiness and ethical behaviour to the world.

In DNA, adjacent nucleotides are linked by a phosphodiester bond: a covalent bond is formed between the 5' phosphate group of one nucleotide and the 3'-OH group of another.

Hence, in this manner, each strand of DNA has a "backbone" of phosphate-sugar-phosphate-sugar-phosphate.

A greenhouse gas (GHG) is any gas in the atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation in the thermal infrared range.

The increase in average global temperatures that results from an enhanced greenhouse effect.

Effects of increased greenhouse gas emissions:

Increases in the different greenhouse gases have other effects apart from global warming including ocean acidification, smog pollution, ozone depletion as well as changes to plant growth and nutrition levels.

The receptor molecules, which receive signals from outside the cell, passing the signal to the inside.

In order for a nerve cell, or any cell, to perceive its environment, it needs a sensory apparatus. And for an individual cell, most of that sensation is derived at the cell surface. So, it expresses on its cell surface proteins that span across the membrane.

In the outside world, these proteins can act to receive signals, catching molecules on the outside and then as the molecule passes to the inside of the cell, they can send signals like alarm signals that can tell the cell that a particular molecule is outside.

Hence, here B is the receptor cell.

Commissioned means Authority granted for a particular action or function.

Here, in the given options Dismiss is the only word which is opposite in meaning to commissioned.

Hence, Antonym of  Commissioned is Dismiss.

Blueberries are the saddest fruits.

Reason ::

In English some colors are associated with feelings. Blue is associated with sadness. When you "feel blue" it means that you are feeling sad.

Hence, as blueberries has blue in its name it indicates that that is the saddest fruit in logic.

ALPHABET is the only has the most letters in it.

Alphabet has all the 26 letters from A - Z. 

Hence, ALPHABET is one word that has the most letters in it.