Questions

Ascomycota is a division or phylum of the kingdom Fungi that, together with the Basidiomycota, form the subkingdom Dikarya. Its members are commonly known as the sac fungi or ascomycetes. 

Hence, Sac formation is a characteristic of the Ascomycota fungi.

Oxygen crosses a plasma membrane by Osmosis.

Testing is a process used for revealing defects in s/w and for establishing that the s/w has attained a specific degree of quality.

The s/w testing group’s main objective is to ensure that the s/w is doing what it is supposed to do as well as the s/w is not doing what it is not supposed to do. With this objective, it is clear that it is necessary to have a separate group for testing the s/w other than the group which developed it.

Also, bugs in the s/w can cause severe monetary as well as other loss to the organization. So it is important to allocate some budget for the testing group.