Questions

Regular dividend payments are signals that a company is healthy and profitable. Also, issuing dividends can attract investors (shareholders). Finally, a company may distribute earnings to shareholders if it lacks profitable investment opportunities.

One way is shorting the two inputs of the NAND gate and passing the input.

truth table:

A B output

1 1 0

0 0 1

The second way is passing the input to only one input (say A) of the NAND gate. Since the other input  (say B is floating, it is always logic one.

Truth table:

A B output

1 1 0 

0 1 1

Article-22 :: Protection against arrest and detention.

No person who is arrested shall be detained in custody without being informed of the grounds for such arrest nor shall he be denied the right to consult and to be defended by a legal Practioner of his choice.

This is a layer of atmosphere about 60 to 70 km above the earth and extends to about 400km. It contains ionised particles which can reflect radio waves making radio communication round the world possible.