Questions

If a process in a monitor signal and no task is waiting on the condition variable, the signal is lost. So this allows easier program design. Whereas in semaphores, every operation affects the value of the semaphore, so the wait and signal operations should be perfectly balanced in the program.

Kolkata Metro Rail is the first metro rail operating since 1984 in India.

A person who builds houses or buildings is known as builder.

Parabola, because when the coin is dropped at a particular point, it has the same velocity as the running train. So, by Newton's first law, it continues its motion horizontally with that velocity. But then, it is also pulled down by earth's gravity continuously. In this situation its horizontal motion gives way to the parabolic motion until it reaches the ground.

There are two major forms of democratic government.

I. Parliamentary
II. Presidential

The citizens elect the leaders in democratic government.

The main difference is legislative and executive branches.

Executive - head of government
Legislative - how laws are made

I. Parliamentary democratic government : (example - United Kingdom )

1. Parliament = Legislature (Laws)
2. Parliament controls the power
3. Head of government is a prime minister chosen by the legislature
4. Prime minister and cabinet are members of the legislature
5. Prime minister answers to the legislature (fusion of powers)
6. The government will stay in office for a specified period unless the prime minister loses support of the majority on an important vote.
7. If this occurs- the P.M. must resign and elections are held immediately.

II. Presidential democratic government : (example - United States of America)

1. The executive and legislative branches are separate bodies elected independently by the citizens.
2. Separation of Powers
3. There are checks and balances where each branch can overrule the other.
4. The president answers to the voters, not the legislature.
5. The people elect the president, and elections are held at set intervals.