Masala bonds are bonds issued outside India but denominated in Indian Rupees, rather than the local currency. Kerala Infrastructure Investment Fund Board have listed 21.5 billion rupees ($305 million) of Masala bonds on the London Stock Exchange.
Semiconductors are those materials that are neither good conductors nor the good insulators of heat and electricity. Silicon (Si), Germanium (Ge) and Cadmium Sulphide (CdS) are semiconductors which work as conductors in some special conditions only.