National Water Academy (formerly known as Central Training Unit) was set up in Central Water Commission Opens in a new window by the Ministry of Water Resources, RD and GR, opens in a new window Govt. of India in the year 1988, to impart training to the in-service engineers of various Central/State organizations involved in the Development & Management of Water Resources. It was established under USAID assistance and strengthened with the subsequent assistance received from the World Bank.

It is located at Pune

India Integrated Coastal Zone Management Project

• To conserve, project and manage the coastal and marine environment, the Ministry is implementing the India ICZM Project with the World Bank assistance.

• For the implementation of the project the Ministry has established a Society of Integrated Coastal Management (SICOM) as nodal body under the Society Registration Act, in Delhi.

• The ICZM Project is being implemented as pilot investments in the coastal states of Gujarat, Odisha and West Bengal.

• National activities are implemented through SICOM along with monitoring of activities carried out by three selected states.

• The project has four implementing agencies-MoEF at the national level with lead responsibilities, and the Departments of Forests and Environment (DoEF) of the threeparticipating states.

In the exclusive economic zone, the coastal nation has sovereign rights for the purpose of exploring and exploiting, conserving and managing the natural resources, whether living or non-living, including production of energy from the water, currents and winds. However, In the exclusive economic zone, all nations, whether coastal or land-locked shall enjoy the freedom of navigation and overflight and of the laying of submarine cables and pipelines, and other internationally lawful uses of the sea. That means fourth right is not exclusive only for the coastal nations.

Heat lost by hot object = Heat gained by cold object

where we ignore heat gained or lost from/to the surroundings.

The study of heat gained and lost in this manner is often called Calorimetry.